I wonder if any of the more scientifically minded people on here could help me, please.

[Horsa]

No idea. Maybe just a convention among taxonomists who decided to give Greek names (variations of hippus) to the extant genera/species. But not a universal rule which would make little sens as taxonomic tool.

Thank you very much. Why would the book "Hippikes Gymnasia" be translated as "Horse Gymnastics" in that case although "Peri Hippikes" which was the 1st book of horsemanship still surviving which was written by Xenophon translates as "Good Horsemanship" & why is hippophobia the fear of horses? When I 1st came across the word I thought it was the fear of hippos but it's not. That was some thing I learnt at a quiz night on holiday. Well, I got 14/20 anyway which I wasn't disappointed with.

 

[Horsa]

Djurability of copper vs PVC depends on the type of installation and the climate. In aerial installation in hot climate. esp. if exposed to high UV radiation from the sun (also rat's teeth), PVC will break down faster than copper. Also in case of fire, PVC melt/disintegrate fast while copper may survive. But in colder/wetter climate, esp. burried in dump soil, PVC will last while copper will eventually corrode.
It maybe that they don't say the truth, which could be: PVC is simply cheaper than copper in your part of the world. In my part of the world, we have BHP the largest mining company whose copper operations are the largest ones, only after coal (which should have been phased out yesterday if they were serious about env), so we can consider their copper to be the largest near future business. With large resource base such as Olympic Dam mine and BHP to dig it, copper is cheaper in my part of the world. So, we use copper for both water and gas pipes.

Thank you very much for the information. If they wanted to make things cheaper they could have left us with the copper pipes we already have.

 

[Chris Koziarz]

Thank you very much. Why would the book "Hippikes Gymnasia" be translated as "Horse Gymnastics" in that case although "Peri Hippikes" which was the 1st book of horsemanship still surviving which was written by Xenophon translates as "Good Horsemanship" & why is hippophobia the fear of horses? When I 1st came across the word I thought it was the fear of hippos but it's not. That was some thing I learnt at a quiz night on holiday. Well, I got 14/20 anyway which I wasn't disappointed with.

Very simple: zoology & psychology (human) are unrelated so the scientists in these 2 fields rarely (if ever) work together.
Most (if not all) terminology in psychology comes from Greek (after Aristotle who is its father, "psyche" itself is Greek for "mind"). So no surprise to me that psychologists stick strongly to the tradition of naming everything with Greek terms. Do you know any name in psychology/psychiatry that comes from Latin? I don't and I would be very surprised if such name existed.
Xenophon was Greek, so he must have used Greek term, how would u expect him to use Latin?
Language, including vocabulary evolution is determined by social rules and traditions among people who speak it and not by single overarching standards. So, as a result, not all of language structures make objective & universal sense, especially if different parts of it are developed by different tribes/groups, as is the case here.

 

[Horsa]

Very simple: zoology & psychology (human) are unrelated so the scientists in these 2 fields rarely (if ever) work together.
Most (if not all) terminology in psychology comes from Greek (after Aristotle who is its father, "psyche" itself is Greek for "mind"). So no surprise to me that psychologists stick strongly to the tradition of naming everything with Greek terms. Do you know any name in psychology/psychiatry that comes from Latin? I don't and I would be very surprised if such name existed.
Xenophon was Greek, so he must have used Greek term, how would u expect him to use Latin?
Language, including vocabulary evolution is determined by social rules and traditions among people who speak it and not by single overarching standards. So, as a result, not all of language structures make objective & universal sense, especially if different parts of it are developed by different tribes/groups, as is the case here.

I know. What I meant was the language structures were the same but I was comparing 2 different language structures at the same time. I didn't expect Xenophon to use a Latin term. That was a misunderstanding here. The only reason he came into the conversation is because of the book he wrote. The only connections made here are language connections but I'm discussing 2 language connections at the same time.

You misunderstand me a few times when I make language connections most but I often do as I seem to notice language connections. I could, for example, have mentioned about hippikes, hippus & hippo the words hippopotamus & hippocampus & asked why if the 1st 3 words especially the 3rd word meant horse why the last 2 words have nothing to do with horses. 1, the hippopotamus is a different sort of animal easier to show a picture of than to describe & the other, the hippocampus is a part of your brain.

 

[mrzz]

Well, we all make mistakes & learn from them. There is a saying where I come from "the only people who don't make mistakes are them that do no work & liars".

Actually this was very telling. I read Chris' post and something sounded strange to me, was not quite sure and thus PM'ed him. My intuition was right in one sense but in at least two others I was completely wrong. Chris as usual quickly gathered relevant and quality information, and we got to a much better understanding of the problem. So it all started out of two guys being wrong to some extent and with intelligent dialogue we understood much more about the matter in a very short time span.

Being wrong is not a problem. The problem is the way you deal with it.

 

[mrzz]

so the scientists in these 2 fields rarely (if ever) work together

Very true but I could not help but to think about a book I recently discovered (and bought, still could not read it):

https://books.google.com.br/books/a...p_read_button&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q&f=false

Amazing, isn't it?

 

[Horsa]

Actually this was very telling. I read Chris' post and something sounded strange to me, was not quite sure and thus PM'ed him. My intuition was right in one sense but in at least two others I was completely wrong. Chris as usual quickly gathered relevant and quality information, and we got to a much better understanding of the problem. So it all started out of two guys being wrong to some extent and with intelligent dialogue we understood much more about the matter in a very short time span.

Being wrong is not a problem. The problem is the way you deal with it.

Definitely. Thank you very much.

Exactly, we have to learn from our mistakes, explain, apologise & move on not what I sometimes do which is explain, apologise, learn from my mistakes then either get a strop on for a bit before moving on or the same but avoid people for quite a long time because I'm flustered & scared of what they're going to say to me, how they're going to react & what they're going to think of me with the odd few (sometimes few too many) occasions of me calling myself the dopiest person who ever lived or hopeless, useless & stupid.

 

[Horsa]

Very true but I could not help but to think about a book I recently discovered (and bought, still could not read it):

https://books.google.com.br/books/a...p_read_button&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q&f=false

Amazing, isn't it?

I didn't mean they worked together. It was a misunderstanding we had because I noticed the language structure connections & was comparing them both at the same time.

That sounds like a fascinating book. I might buy a copy & put it on my to be read list. It sounds as though it could help me & even more of a coincidence it's written by a man whose Birthday I was born on.

 

[Chris Koziarz]

I know. What I meant was the language structures were the same but I was comparing 2 different language structures at the same time. I didn't expect Xenophon to use a Latin term. That was a misunderstanding here. The only reason he came into the conversation is because of the book he wrote. The only connections made here are language connections but I'm discussing 2 language connections at the same time.

You misunderstand me a few times when I make language connections most but I often do as I seem to notice language connections. I could, for example, have mentioned about hippikes, hippus & hippo the words hippopotamus & hippocampus & asked why if the 1st 3 words especially the 3rd word meant horse why the last 2 words have nothing to do with horses. 1, the hippopotamus is a different sort of animal easier to show a picture of than to describe & the other, the hippocampus is a part of your brain.

All right, so let's try to deepen our understanding of the words "hippopotamus" & "hippocampus", in particular evaluate your feeling these are misnomers because they have nothing to do with horses (as emphasised above).

I googled origin of hippopotamus, and I've got this:

Dictionary result for hippopotamus
/ˌhɪpəˈpɒtəməs/
noun
noun: hippopotamus; plural noun: hippopotami; plural noun: hippopotamuses; noun: pygmy hippopotamus; plural noun: pygmy hippopotami

1. a large thick-skinned semiaquatic African mammal, with massive jaws and large tusks.

Origin

Middle English: via Latin from Greek hippopotamos, earlier hippos ho potamios ‘river horse’ (from hippos ‘horse’, potamos ‘river’).

So, hippopotamus was named as such by middle-century Englishmen who knew Greek (or even Greeks themselves) who thought of this unusual animal as "river horse". So, here is the "horse connection": the early explorers who have seen the animal, misunderstood it and invented a simplistic, silly name. Certainly, if we asked native African tribes what the call hippos, I am sure they would call it totally different than zebras/horses. Sadly, we ignored their knowledge and the name invented by ignorant travellers stuck. There are countless similar examples. E.g. I've already mentioned, I have a problem with the name "Australian magpie" for a bird belonging to butcherbird family, that has nothing to do with magpie, but the name stuck and it's hard to undo it now.

Re hippocampus.
I found the origin of the word described here:
https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/313295.php

"The name comes from the Greek words hippo, meaning horse, and kampo, meaning monster, as its shape resembles that of a seahorse"

So, it's the shape of this organ, which gave its name by, unsurprisingly, borrowing from Greek.

 

[Horsa]

All right, so let's try to deepen our understanding of the words "hippopotamus" & "hippocampus", in particular evaluate your feeling these are misnomers because they have nothing to do with horses (as emphasised above).

I googled origin of hippopotamus, and I've got this:

Dictionary result for hippopotamus
/ˌhɪpəˈpɒtəməs/
noun
noun: hippopotamus; plural noun: hippopotami; plural noun: hippopotamuses; noun: pygmy hippopotamus; plural noun: pygmy hippopotami

1. a large thick-skinned semiaquatic African mammal, with massive jaws and large tusks.

Origin
View attachment 2042
Middle English: via Latin from Greek hippopotamos, earlier hippos ho potamios ‘river horse’ (from hippos ‘horse’, potamos ‘river’).

So, hippopotamus was named as such in middle-centuryEnglishmen who knew Greek (or even Greeks themselves) who thought of this unusual animal as "river horse". So, here is the "horse connection": the early explorers to have seen the animal, misunderstood it and invented a simplistic, silly name. Certainly, if we asked native African tribes what the call hippos, I am sure they would call it totally different than zebras/horses. Sadly, we ignored their knowledge and the name invented by ignorant travellers stuck. There are countless similar examples. E.g. I've already mentioned, I have a problem with the name "Australian magpie" for a bird belonging to butcherbird family, that has nothing to do with magpie, but the name stuck and it's hard to undo it now.

Re hippocampus.
I found the origin of the word described here:
https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/313295.php

"The name comes from the Greek words hippo, meaning horse, and kampo, meaning monster, as its shape resembles that of a seahorse"

So, it's the shape of this organ, which gave its name, unsurprisingly, borrowing from Greek.

O.k. I knew what a hippo was but couldn't describe it. There is a horse connection then. That's fascinating. I get it now. Thank you very much.

The 1st webpage you have provided a link for is being blocked as insecure by my virus checker & I've tried it 3 times.

 

[Chris Koziarz]

The 1st webpage you have provided a link for is being blocked as insecure by my virus checker & I've tried it 3 times.

The image (first link) was uploaded to this website as:
https://www.tennisfrontier.com/tennisforum/attachments/upload_2019-2-1_10-30-4-png.2042/
which should not be insecure. Your virus checker has gone crazy.

 

[Horsa]

The image (first link) was uploaded to this website as:
https://www.tennisfrontier.com/tennisforum/attachments/upload_2019-2-1_10-30-4-png.2042/
which should not be insecure. Your virus checker has gone crazy.

I didn't mean the 1 you copied & pasted. I meant the 1st 1 you sent a link too. My virus checker has been particularly strict lately.

 

[Horsa]

Going on the hippo prefix meaning horse, Hippocrates Mother must have loved horses as they named him horse something or other. I don't know what crates means so can't say what this something or other is.

 

[mrzz]

I don't know what crates means so can't say what this something or other is.

It means "craters". That's why we were discussing it in parallel. Hippocrates Mother was a lunatic zoophile that had erotic dreams of horses riding on the moon's craters.

 

[Horsa]

It means "craters". That's why we were discussing it in parallel. Hippocrates Mother was a lunatic zoophile that had erotic dreams of horses riding on the moon's craters.

Thank you very much for the information. I didn't know that about Hippocrates Mother. Nice dream! Dreams don't have to be realistic though. I get some ideas for stories in dreams & sometimes dreams confirm how I'm feeling about myself. I've had a few premonitions though.

 

[Horsa]

It means "craters". That's why we were discussing it in parallel. Hippocrates Mother was a lunatic zoophile that had erotic dreams of horses riding on the moon's craters.

You probably expected this from me but I've got another question building onto your last answer. If the suffix crates means craters what does the prefix So mean? I want to know what Socrates name meant.

 

[Chris Koziarz]

You probably expected this from me but I've got another question building onto your last answer. If the suffix crates means craters what does the prefix So mean? I want to know what Socrates name meant.

"So" in Greek means "Soul". Socrates' mother was very smart in constructing his given name.
"Chris" in Polish (spelled "Krzys") means "Christ". My mother wanted me to become a saviour of humanity. But sadly, I deceived her and committed a mortal blasphemy by forgetting all that Christian values (she didn't know about it though and sadly she's no longer with us). In recent years I went beck to my roots, but this time not spiritually but literally, by means of studying climate change and what to do about it. But the latter appears very hard & I likely won't live up to my name.
We can always play cross-language games that sound credible.

 

[Chris Koziarz]

I know. What I meant was the language structures were the same but I was comparing 2 different language structures at the same time. I didn't expect Xenophon to use a Latin term. That was a misunderstanding here. The only reason he came into the conversation is because of the book he wrote. The only connections made here are language connections but I'm discussing 2 language connections at the same time.

You misunderstand me a few times when I make language connections most but I often do as I seem to notice language connections. I could, for example, have mentioned about hippikes, hippus & hippo the words hippopotamus & hippocampus & asked why if the 1st 3 words especially the 3rd word meant horse why the last 2 words have nothing to do with horses. 1, the hippopotamus is a different sort of animal easier to show a picture of than to describe & the other, the hippocampus is a part of your brain.

Back to a serious consideration of Latin & Greek names for horse.
You mentioned different forms in Greek: hippikes, hippus & hippo.
The question might arise: what is the difference between those 3 forms?

The above could've been the question u asked originally, but due to my misunderstanding I answered a different question. Sorry.
I have no idea how to answer the question I re-iterated above, because I don't know Greek. Anyone knows the answer?

 

[Horsa]

Back to a serious consideration of Latin & Greek names for horse.
You mentioned different forms in Greek: hippikes, hippus & hippo.
The question might arise: what is the difference between those 3 forms?

The above could've been the question u asked originally, but due to my misunderstanding I answered a different question. Sorry.
I have no idea how to answer the question I re-iterated above, because I don't know Greek. Anyone knows the answer?

That is exactly what I meant. Thank you very much for your response. It's o.k. I'll just have to go on wondering unless there is some bright spark who can answer the question who is willing to share the information with us. I'll have to try to ask an easier question next time.

 

[Horsa]

"So" in Greek means "Soul". Socrates' mother was very smart in constructing his given name.
"Chris" in Polish (spelled "Krzys") means "Christ". My mother wanted me to become a saviour of humanity. But sadly, I deceived her and committed a mortal blasphemy by forgetting all that Christian values (she didn't know about it though and sadly she's no longer with us). In recent years I went beck to my roots, but this time not spiritually but literally, by means of studying climate change and what to do about it. But the latter appears very hard & I likely won't live up to my name.
We can always play cross-language games that sound credible.

Thank you very much for the information.

Haha! I get you. I was also brought up Christian but turned agnostic at 1st then atheist. In my case my family were disappointed at 1st but when I told them what I thought & why I thought the way I did I brought them round to my way of thinking. Now, they agree with what I think about religion & how it came to be. Doing something about climate change is very hard & you have to consider all reasons for climate change not just 1. Then for it to work you'd have to get everyone to make these environmental changes. Now, I'll stop talking about the climate because it's making me feel colder. We've had snow & frost the last few days & it's been that cold it's been penetrating my very thick hair when I had to go out. It's never been that cold here before. I haven't been able to warm up when I got home & wrapped up in a blanket with a red hot cuppa. I've been wearing fleece & chenille jumpers & still been cold. Apparently it's even colder in America with temperatures of -40. Poor Americans! I really feel sorry for them & wonder how they're coping. I can't see you as a Christian either. Lol. For your information, my name means graceful & I don't think I live up to my name either as the only dances I know are the waltz & the twist. I'm contemplating learning line dancing though.

That sounds fun. Maybe we should move language games off here though so people who find science fascinating like us won't be annoyed at all the word games. Lol.