brokenshoelace
Grand Slam Champion
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I'll take a stab as well. I think the most significant change is the backhand and his court positioning. Moya has drilled into Nadal's head to take the ball early on the backhand. This was evident even starting from clay season in F.O 2017. In the past, you could attack Nadal's backhand and push him back. Now he does a much better job of not retreating, hitting on the rise, and therefore takes time away from his opponent. The DTL backhand is also flattened out more. It used to be more of a elevated spinny shot to set up his forehand previously.
I actually think his forehand has NOT changed significantly for the better. He has hit it better in the past. IMO with age his off-forehand (inside-out) is just not as good/accurate as it used to be. That said, under Moya Rafa does a good job of 1-2 punch. Meaning trying to dispatch a forehand winner after serving.
I'm also NOT a big fan of serving changes under Moya. Yes, they seemingly have changed the action to have it go faster through the air and tried to improve the 2nd serve. But Rafa has not been able to consistently serve well. His AO 2019 serve was nowhere to be seen in RG 2019 for ex. Statistically his AO 2019 did not look any more superior.
I think Fall 2010 was the best ever serve period for Nadal followed by 2013. Nadal's serving since then has never been as good. Let's take some numbers:
2010 UsOpen: Nadal was broken just 5 times in 7 matches. 3 of those were against Novak in the final.
2018 AO: Nadal was broken several times against Schwartzmann and Cillic. With the latter he lost his serve twice in a row.
2018 F.O: Nadal was broken by Bolleli, Marterer and 5 times against Schwartzmann. That's just in 3 matches in a tournament he won..
2018 UsOpen: Khachanov, Basilashvili, Thiem, Del Potro - all broke Nadal and feasted on his serve. Consequently he worked harder than he needed to and got injured.
I think Nadal's serve needs to get better and faster, if possible.. That would help him win matches much easier than he does and maybe he wouldn't get injured and skip entire seasons like he did in 2018 and 2019. He might also be a bigger factor then in non-clay slams.
Nadal's inside out and DTL forehands haven't been the same since 2009. But his rally cross court forehand is much MUCH better now than it was then, and that's more important overall IMO.